Email (IMAP/SMTP)

mcp-server-email

[CI] [codecov] [Go] [License: MIT] [MCP]

Multi-account email server for the Model Context Protocol. Gives LLMs full email access — read, send, search, organize — over IMAP/SMTP with connection pooling, rate limiting, and retry. Designed as the remote-email counterpart to apple-bridge (local Mail.app access).

Quick Start

1. Install

   bash

   go install github.com/boutquin/mcp-server-email/cmd/mcp-server-email@latest

2. Create a config file (~/.config/mcp-email/accounts.json)

   For well-known providers (Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo, iCloud, Fastmail, Zoho), host and port are auto-detected from the email domain — just provide credentials:

   json

   [  {    "id": "hello",    "email": "[email protected]",    "username": "[email protected]",    "password": "app-password-here"  }]

   For custom mail servers, specify host and port explicitly:

   json

   [  {    "id": "work",    "email": "[email protected]",    "imap_host": "mail.example.com",    "imap_port": 993,    "smtp_host": "mail.example.com",    "smtp_port": 465,    "username": "[email protected]",    "password": "app-password-here"  }]

   bash

   chmod 600 ~/.config/mcp-email/accounts.json

3. Add to Claude Code (~/.claude.json)

   json

   {  "mcpServers": {    "email": {      "command": "mcp-server-email",      "env": {        "EMAIL_CONFIG_FILE": "~/.config/mcp-email/accounts.json"      }    }  }}

4. Restart Claude Code — the email_* tools are now available.

Installation

Go Install (recommended for Go developers)

go install github.com/boutquin/mcp-server-email/cmd/mcp-server-email@latest

Homebrew (macOS/Linux)

brew install boutquin/tap/mcp-server-email

Binary Download

Download pre-built binaries for your platform from GitHub Releases.

Available for: Linux (amd64, arm64), macOS (amd64, arm64), Windows (amd64, arm64).

Docker

docker run --rm \  -e EMAIL_ACCOUNTS='[{"id":"main","email":"[email protected]","imap_host":"mail.example.com","imap_port":993,"smtp_host":"mail.example.com","smtp_port":465,"username":"[email protected]","password":"app-password"}]' \  ghcr.io/boutquin/mcp-server-email:latest

MCP Bundle (Claude Desktop)

Download the .mcpb file from Releases and open in Claude Desktop.

Build from source

git clone https://github.com/boutquin/mcp-server-email.gitcd mcp-server-emailgo build -o mcp-server-email ./cmd/mcp-server-email

Configuration

Accounts are loaded once at startup. Changes require a server restart.

Config file vs environment variable

If both are set, EMAIL_ACCOUNTS takes precedence.

Account JSON schema

[  {    "id": "hello",    "email": "[email protected]",    "imap_host": "mail.example.com",    "imap_port": 993,    "smtp_host": "mail.example.com",    "smtp_port": 465,    "username": "[email protected]",    "password": "app-password-here"  }]

*Host and port are auto-detected for well-known providers (see below). Required for custom servers. **Not required when using OAuth2 authentication.

Provider auto-detection

When imap_host/smtp_host are omitted, the server detects settings from the email domain:

Explicit host/port in the config always takes precedence over auto-detection.

TLS modes

TLS mode is auto-detected from port:

Override with "use_starttls": true or "use_starttls": false in the account object. Omit for auto-detection (recommended).

OAuth2 authentication

For providers that support it (Gmail, Outlook), you can use OAuth2 instead of app passwords. This uses the device code flow (RFC 8628) — no browser redirect needed.

1. Create OAuth2 credentials in the provider's developer console (Google Cloud Console or Azure AD)

2. Configure the account with auth_method: "oauth2":

   json

   [  {    "id": "gmail",    "email": "[email protected]",    "username": "[email protected]",    "auth_method": "oauth2",    "oauth_client_id": "your-client-id.apps.googleusercontent.com",    "oauth_client_secret": "your-client-secret"  }]

3. On first connection, the server initiates the device code flow — printing a verification URL and code to stderr. Visit the URL and enter the code to authorize.

4. Tokens are persisted in ~/.config/mcp-email/tokens/ and automatically refreshed. Subsequent connections reuse the stored token without re-authorization.

Supported OAuth2 providers: Gmail (gmail.com, googlemail.com) and Outlook (outlook.com, hotmail.com, live.com).

Environment variables

*One of EMAIL_CONFIG_FILE or EMAIL_ACCOUNTS is required.

Config file permissions

The config file contains account passwords. Always restrict access:

chmod 600 ~/.config/mcp-email/accounts.json

Tools (22)

Account & folder tools

Message listing

Message operations

Attachments & threads

Send & drafts

All optional account params default to the configured default account.

Search

email_search searches both subject and body using IMAP SEARCH OR (SUBJECT "q") (BODY "q").

Optional filters narrow the candidate set server-side before body scanning:

The existing operation timeout (default 30s) prevents hung body searches on large mailboxes.

Attachments

email_send and email_draft_create accept an attachments parameter — an array of file references on the server host:

{  "attachments": [    {"path": "/tmp/report.pdf"},    {"path": "/tmp/data.csv", "filename": "Q1-data.csv", "content_type": "text/csv"}  ]}

Limits (defaults): 18 MB per file, 18 MB total (pre-base64 encoding; stays under 25 MB SMTP cap after encoding). Configurable via MAX_ATTACHMENT_SIZE_MB and MAX_TOTAL_ATTACHMENT_SIZE_MB environment variables.

Download limit: Attachment downloads (email_attachment_get) are capped at 25 MB by default, configurable via MAX_DOWNLOAD_SIZE_MB.

Validation failures (missing file, non-absolute path, size exceeded) return INVALID_ARGUMENT.

Message IDs

Message IDs are composite strings encoding account, mailbox, and UID:

{account}:{mailbox}:{uid}

Example: hello:INBOX:12345

All CRUD tools (email_get, email_move, email_copy, email_delete, email_mark_read, email_flag, email_draft_send) extract the account and folder from the ID — no separate params needed.

Error Codes

All errors are returned as MCP tool errors with a structured code prefix:

Resources

Comparison with apple-bridge

This server and apple-bridge share an Email model and parameter semantics (limit, includeBody, folder, query) so LLMs can work with both interchangeably. Key differences:

Development

Prerequisites

• Go 1.24+
• golangci-lint
• Docker (for integration tests only)

Build

go build ./...

Unit tests

make test# or: go test -race -count=1 ./...

Unit tests use mock implementations of the imap.Operations and smtp.Operations interfaces — no live mail server needed.

Benchmarks

go test -bench=. -benchmem ./...

Fuzz testing

Fuzz targets ship with seed corpora in testdata/fuzz/ directories. Run a specific target:

go test -fuzz=FuzzParseMessageID ./internal/models/ -fuzztime=30s

Lint

make lint# or: golangci-lint run ./...

Integration tests

Integration tests exercise the full IMAP/SMTP stack against a real mail server. They are isolated behind the integration build tag and never run during go test ./....

Mail server: Greenmail

Tests use Greenmail, a lightweight Java mail server packaged as a Docker image. Key details that affect how you run it:

Quick start (one command)

make test-integration

This starts a Greenmail container, runs all integration tests, then tears down the container — regardless of pass/fail.

Manual step-by-step

If you need to iterate on tests without restarting the container each time:

1. Start Greenmail

   bash

   docker run -d --name greenmail \  -p 3465:3465 -p 3993:3993 \  -e "GREENMAIL_OPTS=-Dgreenmail.setup.test.all -Dgreenmail.users=test:[email protected] -Dgreenmail.hostname=0.0.0.0" \  greenmail/standalone:2.1.0

   Wait ~3 seconds for the JVM to start.

2. Run integration tests

   bash

   TEST_IMAP_HOST=localhost TEST_IMAP_PORT=3993 \TEST_SMTP_HOST=localhost TEST_SMTP_PORT=3465 \[email protected] TEST_PASSWORD=password \  go test -tags=integration -race -v ./...

3. Tear down when done

   bash

   docker stop greenmail && docker rm greenmail

Test environment variables

*If the corresponding HOST variable is unset, that test file's tests are skipped with a message (not failed).

What the tests cover

IMAP (internal/imap/integration_test.go — 7 tests):

SMTP (internal/smtp/integration_test.go — 4 tests):

Troubleshooting

CI

Integration tests run automatically in GitHub Actions via the integration job in .github/workflows/ci.yml. The job uses a Greenmail service container — no manual Docker setup needed. See the workflow file for the exact configuration.

Coverage

To generate a combined unit + integration coverage report:

# With Greenmail running (see above):TEST_IMAP_HOST=localhost TEST_IMAP_PORT=3993 \TEST_SMTP_HOST=localhost TEST_SMTP_PORT=3465 \[email protected] TEST_PASSWORD=password \  go test -tags=integration -race -coverprofile=coverage.out ./...
go tool cover -func=coverage.out | tail -1   # total percentagego tool cover -html=coverage.out             # open in browser

Architecture

mcp-server-email/├── cmd/mcp-server-email/     # Entry point└── internal/    ├── auth/                 # OAuth2 device code flow, XOAUTH2 SASL, token store    ├── config/               # Multi-account configuration, provider auto-detection    ├── imap/                 # IMAP client (split by concern), connection pool, Operations interface    │   ├── client.go         # Client struct, lifecycle, shared helpers    │   ├── client_messages.go # List, search, get, attachments    │   ├── client_folders.go  # Folder ops, role cache    │   ├── client_drafts.go   # Draft save/get/delete    │   ├── client_flags.go    # Flags, move, copy, delete    │   └── pool.go           # Connection pool with configurable close timeout    ├── log/                  # Structured logging (slog) initialization    ├── models/               # Email model, message ID codec, error types    ├── resources/            # email://status resource    ├── retry/                # Token-bucket rate limiter    ├── smtp/                 # SMTP client, Operations interface    └── tools/                # 22 MCP tool handlers + registration

Tool handlers are decoupled from IMAP/SMTP clients via the imap.Operations and smtp.Operations interfaces, enabling comprehensive unit testing with mocks.

Dependencies

This project uses go-imap v2 (currently v2.0.0-beta.8). The v2 API is not yet stable — breaking changes may occur before the v2.0.0 release. We pin the exact version in go.mod and will upgrade promptly when stable is released.

License

MIT