Laravel Tdd

affaan-m/ECC/docs/zh-CN/skills/laravel-tdd

by affaan-mef648e01899ba3e8dc6371642deaaf64b4477775No license275K starsListed Oct 9, 2026Updated Oct 9, 2026Repository updated 4 days ago

使用 PHPUnit 和 Pest、工厂、数据库测试、模拟以及覆盖率目标进行 Laravel 的测试驱动开发。

Instructions onlySoftware Development

AI-generated overview

Guides test-driven development for Laravel apps using PHPUnit and Pest, with factories, database strategies and coverage goals.

What it does: This skill provides a Laravel TDD workflow built on the red-green-refactor cycle, covering unit, feature and integration test layers. It gives concrete guidance and code examples for PHPUnit and Pest, model factories and states, database strategies such as RefreshDatabase, fakes for jobs, queues, mail, notifications and events, Sanctum authentication, HTTP fakes, authorization checks and Inertia assertions. It also sets an 80% or higher unit plus feature coverage target and lists test commands and phpunit.xml configuration.
When to use it: Use it when adding new Laravel features or endpoints, fixing bugs or refactoring, or writing tests for Eloquent models, policies, jobs and notifications. It is also suited to teams choosing between Pest and PHPUnit or setting up database and coverage conventions for Laravel test suites.
Requirements: Requires a Laravel project with PHPUnit or Pest installed, plus optional tools such as pcov or Xdebug for coverage. It ships no scripts; it is instructions and code examples only.

Laravel TDD 工作流

使用 PHPUnit 和 Pest 为 Laravel 应用程序进行测试驱动开发，覆盖率（单元 + 功能）达到 80% 以上。

使用时机

Laravel 中的新功能或端点
错误修复或重构
测试 Eloquent 模型、策略、作业和通知
除非项目已标准化使用 PHPUnit，否则新测试首选 Pest

工作原理

红-绿-重构循环

编写一个失败的测试
实施最小更改以通过测试
在保持测试通过的同时进行重构

测试层级

单元：纯 PHP 类、值对象、服务
功能：HTTP 端点、身份验证、验证、策略
集成：数据库 + 队列 + 外部边界

根据范围选择层级：

对纯业务逻辑和服务使用单元测试。
对 HTTP、身份验证、验证和响应结构使用功能测试。
当需要验证数据库/队列/外部服务组合时使用集成测试。

数据库策略

对于大多数功能/集成测试使用 RefreshDatabase（每次测试运行运行一次迁移，然后在支持时将每个测试包装在事务中；内存数据库可能每次测试重新迁移）
当模式已迁移且仅需要每次测试回滚时使用 DatabaseTransactions
当每次测试都需要完整迁移/刷新且可以承担其开销时使用 DatabaseMigrations

将 RefreshDatabase 作为触及数据库的测试的默认选择：对于支持事务的数据库，它每次测试运行运行一次迁移（通过静态标志）并将每个测试包装在事务中；对于 :memory: SQLite 或不支持事务的连接，它在每次测试前进行迁移。当模式已迁移且仅需要每次测试回滚时使用 DatabaseTransactions。

测试框架选择

新测试默认使用 Pest（当可用时）。
仅在项目已标准化使用它或需要 PHPUnit 特定工具时使用 PHPUnit。

示例

PHPUnit 示例

php

use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class ProjectControllerTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_owner_can_create_project(): void    {        $user = User::factory()->create();
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->postJson('/api/projects', [            'name' => 'New Project',        ]);
        $response->assertCreated();        $this->assertDatabaseHas('projects', ['name' => 'New Project']);    }}

use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class ProjectControllerTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_owner_can_create_project(): void    {        $user = User::factory()->create();
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->postJson('/api/projects', [            'name' => 'New Project',        ]);
        $response->assertCreated();        $this->assertDatabaseHas('projects', ['name' => 'New Project']);    }}

功能测试示例（HTTP 层）

php

use App\Models\Project;use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class ProjectIndexTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_projects_index_returns_paginated_results(): void    {        $user = User::factory()->create();        Project::factory()->count(3)->for($user)->create();
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->getJson('/api/projects');
        $response->assertOk();        $response->assertJsonStructure(['success', 'data', 'error', 'meta']);    }}

use App\Models\Project;use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class ProjectIndexTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_projects_index_returns_paginated_results(): void    {        $user = User::factory()->create();        Project::factory()->count(3)->for($user)->create();
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->getJson('/api/projects');
        $response->assertOk();        $response->assertJsonStructure(['success', 'data', 'error', 'meta']);    }}

Pest 示例

php

use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use function Pest\Laravel\actingAs;use function Pest\Laravel\assertDatabaseHas;
uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
test('owner can create project', function () {    $user = User::factory()->create();
    $response = actingAs($user)->postJson('/api/projects', [        'name' => 'New Project',    ]);
    $response->assertCreated();    assertDatabaseHas('projects', ['name' => 'New Project']);});

use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use function Pest\Laravel\actingAs;use function Pest\Laravel\assertDatabaseHas;
uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
test('owner can create project', function () {    $user = User::factory()->create();
    $response = actingAs($user)->postJson('/api/projects', [        'name' => 'New Project',    ]);
    $response->assertCreated();    assertDatabaseHas('projects', ['name' => 'New Project']);});

Pest 功能测试示例（HTTP 层）

php

use App\Models\Project;use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use function Pest\Laravel\actingAs;
uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
test('projects index returns paginated results', function () {    $user = User::factory()->create();    Project::factory()->count(3)->for($user)->create();
    $response = actingAs($user)->getJson('/api/projects');
    $response->assertOk();    $response->assertJsonStructure(['success', 'data', 'error', 'meta']);});

use App\Models\Project;use App\Models\User;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use function Pest\Laravel\actingAs;
uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
test('projects index returns paginated results', function () {    $user = User::factory()->create();    Project::factory()->count(3)->for($user)->create();
    $response = actingAs($user)->getJson('/api/projects');
    $response->assertOk();    $response->assertJsonStructure(['success', 'data', 'error', 'meta']);});

工厂和状态

使用工厂生成测试数据
为边缘情况定义状态（已归档、管理员、试用）

数据库测试

使用 RefreshDatabase 保持干净状态
保持测试隔离和确定性
优先使用 assertDatabaseHas 而非手动查询

持久性测试示例

php

use App\Models\Project;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class ProjectRepositoryTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_project_can_be_retrieved_by_slug(): void    {        $project = Project::factory()->create(['slug' => 'alpha']);
        $found = Project::query()->where('slug', 'alpha')->firstOrFail();
        $this->assertSame($project->id, $found->id);    }}

use App\Models\Project;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class ProjectRepositoryTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_project_can_be_retrieved_by_slug(): void    {        $project = Project::factory()->create(['slug' => 'alpha']);
        $found = Project::query()->where('slug', 'alpha')->firstOrFail();
        $this->assertSame($project->id, $found->id);    }}

副作用模拟

作业使用 Bus::fake()
队列工作使用 Queue::fake()
通知使用 Mail::fake() 和 Notification::fake()
领域事件使用 Event::fake()

php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue;
Queue::fake();
dispatch(new SendOrderConfirmation($order->id));
Queue::assertPushed(SendOrderConfirmation::class);

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue;
Queue::fake();
dispatch(new SendOrderConfirmation($order->id));
Queue::assertPushed(SendOrderConfirmation::class);

php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Notification;
Notification::fake();
$user->notify(new InvoiceReady($invoice));
Notification::assertSentTo($user, InvoiceReady::class);

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Notification;
Notification::fake();
$user->notify(new InvoiceReady($invoice));
Notification::assertSentTo($user, InvoiceReady::class);

身份验证测试（Sanctum）

php

use Laravel\Sanctum\Sanctum;
Sanctum::actingAs($user);
$response = $this->getJson('/api/projects');$response->assertOk();

use Laravel\Sanctum\Sanctum;
Sanctum::actingAs($user);
$response = $this->getJson('/api/projects');$response->assertOk();

HTTP 和外部服务

使用 Http::fake() 隔离外部 API
使用 Http::assertSent() 断言出站负载

覆盖率目标

对单元 + 功能测试强制执行 80% 以上的覆盖率
在 CI 中使用 pcov 或 XDEBUG_MODE=coverage

测试命令

php artisan test
vendor/bin/phpunit
vendor/bin/pest

测试配置

使用 phpunit.xml 设置 DB_CONNECTION=sqlite 和 DB_DATABASE=:memory: 以进行快速测试
为测试保持独立的环境，以避免触及开发/生产数据

授权测试

php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
$this->assertTrue(Gate::forUser($user)->allows('update', $project));$this->assertFalse(Gate::forUser($otherUser)->allows('update', $project));

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
$this->assertTrue(Gate::forUser($user)->allows('update', $project));$this->assertFalse(Gate::forUser($otherUser)->allows('update', $project));

Inertia 功能测试

使用 Inertia.js 时，使用 Inertia 测试辅助函数来断言组件名称和属性。

php

use App\Models\User;use Inertia\Testing\AssertableInertia;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class DashboardInertiaTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_dashboard_inertia_props(): void    {        $user = User::factory()->create();
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get('/dashboard');
        $response->assertOk();        $response->assertInertia(fn (AssertableInertia $page) => $page            ->component('Dashboard')            ->where('user.id', $user->id)            ->has('projects')        );    }}

use App\Models\User;use Inertia\Testing\AssertableInertia;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;use Tests\TestCase;
final class DashboardInertiaTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_dashboard_inertia_props(): void    {        $user = User::factory()->create();
        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get('/dashboard');
        $response->assertOk();        $response->assertInertia(fn (AssertableInertia $page) => $page            ->component('Dashboard')            ->where('user.id', $user->id)            ->has('projects')        );    }}

优先使用 assertInertia 而非原始 JSON 断言，以保持测试与 Inertia 响应一致。

Source and attribution

Source:affaan-m/ECCindocs/zh-CN/skills/laravel-tddat commitef648e0

License: No license

Content belongs to its original authors. SourceWeft indexes it from a public repository.

Report or request removal

Laravel Tdd

Laravel TDD 工作流

使用时机

工作原理

红-绿-重构循环

测试层级

数据库策略

测试框架选择

示例

PHPUnit 示例

功能测试示例（HTTP 层）

Pest 示例

Pest 功能测试示例（HTTP 层）

工厂和状态

数据库测试

持久性测试示例

副作用模拟

身份验证测试（Sanctum）

HTTP 和外部服务

覆盖率目标

测试命令

测试配置

授权测试

Inertia 功能测试

Source and attribution

More from affaan-m/ECC

Unified Notifications Ops

Verification Loop

Ui To Vue

Unified Memory

Visa Doc Translate

Team Builder

More in Software Development

Playground

M5 Onboard

Cardputer Buddy

Web Design Guidelines

Vercel React Native Skills

Vercel React Best Practices