Configure Auth

by dotnet0608d8924cd3MITListed Oct 8, 2026Updated Oct 8, 2026

Add authentication and authorization to a Blazor Web App, accounting for the app's render mode. USE WHEN the user needs [Authorize] on pages, AuthorizeView, role or policy-based access, login/logout Identity pages, or AuthenticationStateProvider. Also USE WHEN auth state is null after WebAssembly loads, SignInManager throws in an interactive component, NotAuthorized content never renders in static SSR, or HttpContext.User is null in an interactive component. DO NOT USE for general component authoring (see author-component), for prerendering concerns unrelated to auth (see support-prerendering), or for managing non-auth cascading state (see coordinate-components).

Instructions onlySoftware Development
AI-generated overview

Guides adding authentication and authorization to a Blazor Web App, accounting for the app's render mode.

What it does
This skill provides step-by-step instructions for wiring authentication and authorization into a Blazor Web App. It covers registering auth services in Program.cs, configuring App.razor and Routes.razor with AuthorizeRouteView, protecting pages with [Authorize] and AuthorizeView, keeping Identity pages on static SSR, and serializing auth state for WebAssembly or Auto mode. It also includes a render mode by auth matrix and a table of common mistakes with symptoms and fixes.
When to use it
Use it when a Blazor app needs [Authorize] on pages, AuthorizeView, role or policy-based access, login/logout Identity pages, or AuthenticationStateProvider. It also applies when auth state is null after WebAssembly loads, SignInManager throws in an interactive component, NotAuthorized content never renders in static SSR, or HttpContext.User is null in an interactive component.
Requirements
No scripts are shipped; it is instructions only. It assumes a Blazor Web App project with ASP.NET Core Identity and Entity Framework Core where relevant, and the agent should read AGENTS.md at the workspace root before making changes.

Configure Auth

Step 1 — Read AGENTS.md

Read AGENTS.md at the workspace root for the project's interactivity mode and scope before making changes.

Step 2 — Register auth services in Program.cs

csharp
// Program.cs (server project)builder.Services.AddCascadingAuthenticationState();builder.Services.AddAuthorization();

For ASP.NET Core Identity add the Identity services:

csharp
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(options =>{    options.DefaultScheme = IdentityConstants.ApplicationScheme;    options.DefaultSignInScheme = IdentityConstants.ExternalScheme;}).AddIdentityCookies();
builder.Services.AddIdentityCore<ApplicationUser>()    .AddRoles<IdentityRole>()    .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>()    .AddSignInManager()    .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

Step 3 — Wire App.razor for auth and render mode

The App.razor component must use AuthorizeRouteView and conditionally apply the render mode so that pages excluded from interactive routing render statically.

razor
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>    <HeadOutlet @rendermode="RenderModeForPage" /></head><body>    <Routes @rendermode="RenderModeForPage" />    <script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script></body></html>
@code {    [CascadingParameter]    public HttpContext HttpContext { get; set; } = default!;
    private IComponentRenderMode? RenderModeForPage =>        HttpContext.AcceptsInteractiveRouting()            ? InteractiveServer   // replace with the app's render mode            : null;}

In Routes.razor (or wherever the router lives), use AuthorizeRouteView:

razor
<Router AppAssembly="typeof(Program).Assembly">    <Found Context="routeData">        <AuthorizeRouteView RouteData="routeData"                            DefaultLayout="typeof(Layout.MainLayout)">            <NotAuthorized>                @if (context.User.Identity?.IsAuthenticated != true)                {                    <RedirectToLogin />                }                else                {                    <p>You are not authorized to access this resource.</p>                }            </NotAuthorized>        </AuthorizeRouteView>        <FocusOnNavigate RouteData="routeData" Selector="h1" />    </Found></Router>

Step 4 — Protect pages and components

[Authorize] attribute on pages

razor
@page "/admin"@attribute [Authorize]

With roles or policies:

razor
@attribute [Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]@attribute [Authorize(Policy = "RequireManager")]

AuthorizeView for conditional UI

razor
<AuthorizeView>    <Authorized>Welcome, @context.User.Identity?.Name!</Authorized>    <NotAuthorized><a href="Account/Login">Log in</a></NotAuthorized></AuthorizeView>

Role/policy variants:

razor
<AuthorizeView Roles="Admin,Manager">    <Authorized>Admin content here</Authorized></AuthorizeView>

Access auth state in code

csharp
[CascadingParameter]private Task<AuthenticationState>? AuthState { get; set; }
protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync(){    if (AuthState is not null)    {        var state = await AuthState;        var isAdmin = state.User.IsInRole("Admin");    }}

Step 5 — Identity pages must stay static SSR

SignInManager and UserManager use HttpContext internally and throw in interactive components. Identity pages (login, register, manage) must render as static SSR.

In a globally interactive app, mark every Identity page:

razor
@page "/Account/Login"@attribute [ExcludeFromInteractiveRouting]

This forces a full-page navigation (exits the interactive circuit) so the page renders through the static SSR pipeline with a real HttpContext.

App.razor must use AcceptsInteractiveRouting() (Step 3) to return null for these pages — otherwise the framework still tries to render them interactively.

In a per-page app, Identity pages are static by default (no @rendermode directive), so [ExcludeFromInteractiveRouting] is not needed.

Step 6 — Auth state in WebAssembly / Auto mode

WebAssembly components run in the browser and have no HttpContext. Auth state must be serialized from the server during prerendering and deserialized on the client.

Server Program.cs:

csharp
builder.Services.AddAuthenticationStateSerialization();

Client .Client/Program.cs:

csharp
builder.Services.AddAuthenticationStateDeserialization();

Without these calls, Task<AuthenticationState> resolves to an anonymous user after WebAssembly takes over from prerendering.

AddAuthenticationStateSerialization accepts options to include role and claim data:

csharp
builder.Services.AddAuthenticationStateSerialization(options =>    options.SerializeAllClaims = true);

Render Mode × Auth Matrix

Render modeHttpContext.UserSignInManagerAuth state sourceKey requirement
Static SSRAvailableWorksServer pipelineUse middleware for redirects, <NotAuthorized> does NOT render
Server (interactive)NOT availableThrowsCascadingAuthenticationStateUse [Authorize] + AuthorizeView, not HttpContext
WebAssemblyNOT availableThrowsSerialized from serverAddAuthenticationStateSerialization / Deserialization
AutoNOT available after WASMThrowsSerialized from serverSame as WebAssembly; register in both Program.cs files

Common Mistakes

MistakeSymptomFix
Using HttpContext.User in interactive componentNull or stale claimsUse [CascadingParameter] Task<AuthenticationState>
SignInManager in interactive componentInvalidOperationExceptionMove to static SSR page with [ExcludeFromInteractiveRouting]
Missing AddAuthenticationStateSerializationAnonymous user after WASM loadsAdd to server Program.cs; add Deserialization to client Program.cs
<NotAuthorized> in static SSR layoutContent never shownStatic SSR uses middleware pipeline; redirect via LoginPath or RedirectToLogin component
Global interactivity without AcceptsInteractiveRoutingIdentity pages crashAdd AcceptsInteractiveRouting() check in App.razor (Step 3)
Missing AddCascadingAuthenticationState()Task<AuthenticationState> is nullRegister in Program.cs (Step 2)

Source and attribution

Source:dotnet/skillsinplugins/dotnet-blazor/skills/configure-authat commit0608d89

License: MIT

Content belongs to its original authors. SourceWeft indexes it from a public repository.

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