Laravel Specialist

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
final class Post extends Model{    use HasFactory, SoftDeletes;
    protected $fillable = ['title', 'body', 'status', 'user_id'];
    protected $casts = [        'status' => PostStatus::class, // backed enum        'published_at' => 'immutable_datetime',    ];
    // Relationships — always eager-load via ::with() at call site    public function author(): BelongsTo    {        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id');    }
    public function comments(): HasMany    {        return $this->hasMany(Comment::class);    }
    // Local scope    public function scopePublished(Builder $query): Builder    {        return $query->where('status', PostStatus::Published);    }}

<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
return new class extends Migration{    public function up(): void    {        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table): void {            $table->id();            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();            $table->string('title');            $table->text('body');            $table->string('status')->default('draft');            $table->timestamp('published_at')->nullable();            $table->softDeletes();            $table->timestamps();        });    }
    public function down(): void    {        Schema::dropIfExists('posts');    }};

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Http\Resources;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;
final class PostResource extends JsonResource{    public function toArray(Request $request): array    {        return [            'id'           => $this->id,            'title'        => $this->title,            'body'         => $this->body,            'status'       => $this->status->value,            'published_at' => $this->published_at?->toIso8601String(),            'author'       => new UserResource($this->whenLoaded('author')),            'comments'     => CommentResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('comments')),        ];    }}

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Jobs;
use App\Models\Post;use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
final class PublishPost implements ShouldQueue{    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
    public int $tries = 3;    public int $backoff = 60;
    public function __construct(        private readonly Post $post,    ) {}
    public function handle(): void    {        $this->post->update([            'status'       => PostStatus::Published,            'published_at' => now(),        ]);    }
    public function failed(\Throwable $e): void    {        // Log or notify — never silently swallow failures        logger()->error('PublishPost failed', ['post' => $this->post->id, 'error' => $e->getMessage()]);    }}

<?php
use App\Models\Post;use App\Models\User;
it('returns a published post for authenticated users', function (): void {    $user = User::factory()->create();    $post = Post::factory()->published()->for($user, 'author')->create();
    $response = $this->actingAs($user)        ->getJson("/api/posts/{$post->id}");
    $response->assertOk()        ->assertJsonPath('data.status', 'published')        ->assertJsonPath('data.author.id', $user->id);});
it('queues a publish job when a draft is submitted', function (): void {    Queue::fake();    $user = User::factory()->create();    $post = Post::factory()->draft()->for($user, 'author')->create();
    $this->actingAs($user)        ->postJson("/api/posts/{$post->id}/publish")        ->assertAccepted();
    Queue::assertPushed(PublishPost::class, fn ($job) => $job->post->is($post));});