Springboot Tdd

affaan-m/ECC/pi/core/skills/springboot-tdd

作者 affaan-mef648e01899ba3e8dc6371642deaaf64b4477775无许可证275K 个星标收录于 2026年10月9日更新于 2026年10月9日仓库4天前更新

Test-driven development for Spring Boot using JUnit 5, Mockito, MockMvc, Testcontainers, and JaCoCo. Use when adding features, fixing bugs, or refactoring.

仅含说明Software Development

AI 生成的概览

指导 Spring Boot 服务的测试驱动开发，使用 JUnit 5、Mockito、MockMvc、Testcontainers 和 JaCoCo。

功能: 提供 Spring Boot 的 TDD 工作流：先编写失败的测试，再实现最小代码，随后重构，最后用 JaCoCo 强制覆盖率。它给出多种测试示例模式，包括 JUnit 5 与 Mockito 的单元测试、MockMvc 的 Web 层测试、SpringBootTest 的集成测试，以及 DataJpaTest 与 Testcontainers 的持久化测试。内容还涵盖 AssertJ 断言、测试数据构建器以及 Maven 或 Gradle 的 CI 命令。
适用场景: 适用于为 Spring Boot 服务新增功能或接口、修复缺陷、重构，或添加数据访问逻辑与安全规则时。面向希望单元与集成测试覆盖率达到 80% 以上的团队。
运行要求: 仅为说明文档，不含脚本。需要 Spring Boot 项目并具备 JUnit 5、Mockito、MockMvc、Testcontainers 和 JaCoCo，以及 Maven 或 Gradle；Testcontainers 需要容器运行时。

Spring Boot TDD Workflow

TDD guidance for Spring Boot services with 80%+ coverage (unit + integration).

When to Use

New features or endpoints
Bug fixes or refactors
Adding data access logic or security rules

Workflow

Write tests first (they should fail)
Implement minimal code to pass
Refactor with tests green
Enforce coverage (JaCoCo)

Unit Tests (JUnit 5 + Mockito)

java

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)class MarketServiceTest {  @Mock MarketRepository repo;  @InjectMocks MarketService service;
  @Test  void createsMarket() {    CreateMarketRequest req = new CreateMarketRequest("name", "desc", Instant.now(), List.of("cat"));    when(repo.save(any())).thenAnswer(inv -> inv.getArgument(0));
    Market result = service.create(req);
    assertThat(result.name()).isEqualTo("name");    verify(repo).save(any());  }}

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)class MarketServiceTest {  @Mock MarketRepository repo;  @InjectMocks MarketService service;
  @Test  void createsMarket() {    CreateMarketRequest req = new CreateMarketRequest("name", "desc", Instant.now(), List.of("cat"));    when(repo.save(any())).thenAnswer(inv -> inv.getArgument(0));
    Market result = service.create(req);
    assertThat(result.name()).isEqualTo("name");    verify(repo).save(any());  }}

Patterns:

Arrange-Act-Assert
Avoid partial mocks; prefer explicit stubbing
Use @ParameterizedTest for variants

Web Layer Tests (MockMvc)

java

@WebMvcTest(MarketController.class)class MarketControllerTest {  @Autowired MockMvc mockMvc;  @MockBean MarketService marketService;
  @Test  void returnsMarkets() throws Exception {    when(marketService.list(any())).thenReturn(Page.empty());
    mockMvc.perform(get("/api/markets"))        .andExpect(status().isOk())        .andExpect(jsonPath("$.content").isArray());  }}

@WebMvcTest(MarketController.class)class MarketControllerTest {  @Autowired MockMvc mockMvc;  @MockBean MarketService marketService;
  @Test  void returnsMarkets() throws Exception {    when(marketService.list(any())).thenReturn(Page.empty());
    mockMvc.perform(get("/api/markets"))        .andExpect(status().isOk())        .andExpect(jsonPath("$.content").isArray());  }}

Integration Tests (SpringBootTest)

java

@SpringBootTest@AutoConfigureMockMvc@ActiveProfiles("test")class MarketIntegrationTest {  @Autowired MockMvc mockMvc;
  @Test  void createsMarket() throws Exception {    mockMvc.perform(post("/api/markets")        .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)        .content("""          {"name":"Test","description":"Desc","endDate":"2030-01-01T00:00:00Z","categories":["general"]}        """))      .andExpect(status().isCreated());  }}

@SpringBootTest@AutoConfigureMockMvc@ActiveProfiles("test")class MarketIntegrationTest {  @Autowired MockMvc mockMvc;
  @Test  void createsMarket() throws Exception {    mockMvc.perform(post("/api/markets")        .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)        .content("""          {"name":"Test","description":"Desc","endDate":"2030-01-01T00:00:00Z","categories":["general"]}        """))      .andExpect(status().isCreated());  }}

Persistence Tests (DataJpaTest)

java

@DataJpaTest@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)@Import(TestContainersConfig.class)class MarketRepositoryTest {  @Autowired MarketRepository repo;
  @Test  void savesAndFinds() {    MarketEntity entity = new MarketEntity();    entity.setName("Test");    repo.save(entity);
    Optional<MarketEntity> found = repo.findByName("Test");    assertThat(found).isPresent();  }}

@DataJpaTest@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)@Import(TestContainersConfig.class)class MarketRepositoryTest {  @Autowired MarketRepository repo;
  @Test  void savesAndFinds() {    MarketEntity entity = new MarketEntity();    entity.setName("Test");    repo.save(entity);
    Optional<MarketEntity> found = repo.findByName("Test");    assertThat(found).isPresent();  }}

Testcontainers

Use reusable containers for Postgres/Redis to mirror production
Wire via @DynamicPropertySource to inject JDBC URLs into Spring context

Coverage (JaCoCo)

Maven snippet:

xml

<plugin>  <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>  <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>  <version>0.8.14</version>  <executions>    <execution>      <goals><goal>prepare-agent</goal></goals>    </execution>    <execution>      <id>report</id>      <phase>verify</phase>      <goals><goal>report</goal></goals>    </execution>  </executions></plugin>

<plugin>  <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>  <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>  <version>0.8.14</version>  <executions>    <execution>      <goals><goal>prepare-agent</goal></goals>    </execution>    <execution>      <id>report</id>      <phase>verify</phase>      <goals><goal>report</goal></goals>    </execution>  </executions></plugin>

Assertions

Prefer AssertJ (assertThat) for readability
For JSON responses, use jsonPath
For exceptions: assertThatThrownBy(...)

Test Data Builders

java

class MarketBuilder {  private String name = "Test";  MarketBuilder withName(String name) { this.name = name; return this; }  Market build() { return new Market(null, name, MarketStatus.ACTIVE); }}

class MarketBuilder {  private String name = "Test";  MarketBuilder withName(String name) { this.name = name; return this; }  Market build() { return new Market(null, name, MarketStatus.ACTIVE); }}

CI Commands

Maven: mvn -T 4 test or mvn verify
Gradle: ./gradlew test jacocoTestReport

Remember: Keep tests fast, isolated, and deterministic. Test behavior, not implementation details.

来源与署名

来源：affaan-m/ECC位于pi/core/skills/springboot-tdd提交ef648e0

许可证：无许可证

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Springboot Tdd

Spring Boot TDD Workflow

When to Use

Workflow

Unit Tests (JUnit 5 + Mockito)

Web Layer Tests (MockMvc)

Integration Tests (SpringBootTest)

Persistence Tests (DataJpaTest)

Testcontainers

Coverage (JaCoCo)

Assertions

Test Data Builders

CI Commands

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