Liquid Theme A11y

作者 benjaminsehl483f969bed62无许可证120 个星标收录于 2026年10月8日更新于 2026年10月8日仓库2个月前更新

Implement WCAG 2.2 accessibility patterns in Shopify Liquid themes. Covers e-commerce-specific components including product cards, carousels, cart drawers, price display, forms, filters, and modals. Use when building accessible theme components, fixing accessibility issues, or reviewing ARIA patterns in .liquid files.

AI 生成的概览

在 Shopify Liquid 主题中实现 WCAG 2.2 无障碍模式,涵盖商品卡片、轮播和购物车抽屉等电商组件。

功能
该技能提供在 WCAG 2.2 标准下使 Shopify Liquid 主题组件具备无障碍性的指导和代码模式。它涵盖页面结构、焦点管理以及特定的电商组件,如商品卡片、轮播、模态框、购物车抽屉、表单、筛选器和价格显示。它产出 HTML、CSS 和 ARIA 标记示例,以及键盘和屏幕阅读器支持的规则。它还包含关于组件模式以及焦点与键盘行为的参考文档。
适用场景
适用于在 Shopify Liquid 中构建无障碍主题组件、修复无障碍问题,或审查 .liquid 文件中的 ARIA 模式。它适合需要满足 WCAG 2.2 要求的电商店面工作。
运行要求
不需要脚本或特殊运行时;仅为说明和参考文档。它假定使用者熟悉 Shopify Liquid 模板和主题文件结构。

Accessibility for Shopify Liquid Themes

Core Principle

Every interactive component must work with keyboard only, screen readers, and reduced-motion preferences. Start with semantic HTML — add ARIA only when native semantics are insufficient.

Decision Table: Which Pattern?

ComponentHTML ElementARIA PatternReference
Expandable content<details>/<summary>None neededAccordion
Modal/dialog<dialog>aria-modal="true"Modal
Tooltip/popup[popover] attributerole="tooltip" fallbackTooltip
Dropdown menu<nav> + <ul>aria-expanded on triggersNavigation
Tab interface<div>role="tablist/tab/tabpanel"Tabs
Carousel/slider<div>role="region" + aria-roledescriptionCarousel
Product card<article>aria-labelledbyProduct card
Form<form>aria-invalid, aria-describedbyForms
Cart drawer<dialog>Focus trapCart drawer
Price display<span>aria-label for contextPrices
Filters<form> + <fieldset>aria-expanded for disclosuresFilters

Page Structure

Landmarks

html
<body>  <a href="#main-content" class="skip-link">{{ 'accessibility.skip_to_content' | t }}</a>  <header role="banner">    <nav aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.main_navigation' | t }}">...</nav>  </header>  <main id="main-content">    <!-- All page content inside main -->  </main>  <footer role="contentinfo">    <nav aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.footer_navigation' | t }}">...</nav>  </footer></body>
  • Single <header>, <main>, <footer> per page
  • Multiple <nav> elements must have distinct aria-label
  • All content must live inside a landmark

Skip Link

css
.skip-link {  position: absolute;  inset-inline-start: -999px;  z-index: 999;}.skip-link:focus {  position: fixed;  inset-block-start: 0;  inset-inline-start: 0;  padding: 1rem;  background: var(--color-background);  color: var(--color-foreground);}

Headings

  • One <h1> per page, never skip levels (h1 → h3)
  • Use real heading elements, not styled divs
  • Template: <h1> is typically the page/product title

Focus Management

Focus Indicators

css
/* All interactive elements */:focus-visible {  outline: 2px solid rgb(var(--color-focus));  outline-offset: 2px;}
/* High contrast mode */@media (forced-colors: active) {  :focus-visible {    outline: 3px solid LinkText;  }}
  • Minimum 3:1 contrast ratio for focus indicators
  • Use :focus-visible (not :focus) to avoid showing on click
  • Never outline: none without a visible replacement

Focus Trapping (Modals/Drawers)

  • Trap focus inside modals, drawers, and dialogs
  • Return focus to trigger element on close
  • First focusable element gets focus on open
  • Query all focusable elements: a[href], button:not([disabled]), input:not([disabled]), select, textarea, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])

See focus and keyboard patterns [blocked] for full FocusTrap implementation.

Component Patterns

Product Card

html
<article class="product-card" aria-labelledby="ProductTitle-{{ product.id }}">  <a href="{{ product.url }}" class="product-card__link" aria-labelledby="ProductTitle-{{ product.id }}">    <img      src="{{ product.featured_image | image_url: width: 400 }}"      alt="{{ product.featured_image.alt | escape }}"      loading="lazy"      width="{{ product.featured_image.width }}"      height="{{ product.featured_image.height }}"    >  </a>  <h3 id="ProductTitle-{{ product.id }}">    <a href="{{ product.url }}">{{ product.title }}</a>  </h3>  <div class="product-card__price" aria-label="{{ 'products.price_label' | t: price: product.price | money }}">    {{ product.price | money }}  </div>  <button    class="product-card__quick-add"    tabindex="-1"    aria-label="{{ 'products.quick_add' | t: title: product.title }}"  >    {{ 'products.add_to_cart' | t }}  </button></article>

Rules:

  • Single tab stop per card (the main link)
  • tabindex="-1" on mouse-only shortcuts (quick add)
  • aria-labelledby on <article> pointing to the title
  • Descriptive alt text on images; empty alt="" if decorative

Carousel

html
<div  role="region"  aria-roledescription="carousel"  aria-label="{{ section.settings.heading | escape }}">  <div class="carousel__controls">    <button      aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.previous_slide' | t }}"      aria-controls="CarouselSlides-{{ section.id }}"    >{% render 'icon-chevron-left' %}</button>    <button      aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.next_slide' | t }}"      aria-controls="CarouselSlides-{{ section.id }}"    >{% render 'icon-chevron-right' %}</button>    <button      aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.pause_slideshow' | t }}"      aria-pressed="false"    >{% render 'icon-pause' %}</button>  </div>
  <div id="CarouselSlides-{{ section.id }}" aria-live="polite">    {% for slide in section.blocks %}      <div        role="group"        aria-roledescription="slide"        aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.slide_n_of_total' | t: n: forloop.index, total: forloop.length }}"        {% unless forloop.first %}aria-hidden="true"{% endunless %}      >        {{ slide.settings.content }}      </div>    {% endfor %}  </div></div>

Rules:

  • Auto-rotation minimum 5 seconds, pause on hover/focus
  • Play/pause button required for auto-rotating carousels
  • aria-live="polite" on slide container (set to "off" during auto-rotation)
  • aria-hidden="true" on inactive slides
  • Each slide: role="group" + aria-roledescription="slide"

Modal

html
<dialog  id="Modal-{{ section.id }}"  aria-labelledby="ModalTitle-{{ section.id }}"  aria-modal="true">  <div class="modal__header">    <h2 id="ModalTitle-{{ section.id }}">{{ title }}</h2>    <button      type="button"      aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.close' | t }}"      on:click="/closeModal"    >{% render 'icon-close' %}</button>  </div>  <div class="modal__content">    <!-- Content -->  </div></dialog>

Rules:

  • Use native <dialog> element
  • aria-labelledby pointing to the title
  • Close on Escape key (native with <dialog>)
  • Focus first interactive element on open
  • Return focus to trigger on close

Cart Drawer

Same as modal pattern but with additional:

  • Live region for cart count updates: <span aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true">
  • Clear "remove item" buttons with aria-label="{{ 'cart.remove_item' | t: title: item.title }}"
  • Quantity inputs with associated labels

Forms

html
<form action="{{ routes.cart_url }}" method="post">  <div class="form__field">    <label for="Email-{{ section.id }}">{{ 'forms.email' | t }}</label>    <input      type="email"      id="Email-{{ section.id }}"      name="email"      required      aria-required="true"      autocomplete="email"      aria-describedby="EmailError-{{ section.id }}"    >    <p      id="EmailError-{{ section.id }}"      class="form__error"      role="alert"      hidden    >{{ 'forms.email_required' | t }}</p>  </div></form>

Rules:

  • Every input has a visible <label> with matching for/id
  • Use <fieldset>/<legend> for radio/checkbox groups
  • Error messages: role="alert" + aria-describedby linking to input
  • aria-invalid="true" on invalid inputs
  • autocomplete attributes on common fields
  • Required fields: required + aria-required="true" + visual indicator

Product Filters

html
<form class="facets">  <div class="facets__group">    <button      type="button"      aria-expanded="false"      aria-controls="FilterColor-{{ section.id }}"    >{{ 'filters.color' | t }}</button>    <fieldset id="FilterColor-{{ section.id }}" hidden>      <legend class="visually-hidden">{{ 'filters.filter_by_color' | t }}</legend>      {% for color in colors %}        <label>          <input type="checkbox" name="filter.color" value="{{ color }}">          {{ color }}        </label>      {% endfor %}    </fieldset>  </div>  <div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true">    {{ 'filters.results_count' | t: count: results.size }}  </div></form>

Price Display

html
{% if product.compare_at_price > product.price %}  <div class="price" aria-label="{{ 'products.sale_price_label' | t: sale_price: product.price | money, original_price: product.compare_at_price | money }}">    <s aria-hidden="true">{{ product.compare_at_price | money }}</s>    <span>{{ product.price | money }}</span>  </div>{% else %}  <div class="price">{{ product.price | money }}</div>{% endif %}
  • Use aria-label to provide full price context (sale vs. original)
  • aria-hidden="true" on the visual strikethrough to avoid duplicate reading

Accordion

html
<details>  <summary>{{ block.settings.heading }}</summary>  <div class="accordion__content">    {{ block.settings.content }}  </div></details>

Native <details>/<summary> provides keyboard and screen reader support automatically.

Tabs

html
<div role="tablist" aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.product_tabs' | t }}">  {% for tab in tabs %}    <button      role="tab"      id="Tab-{{ tab.id }}"      aria-selected="{% if forloop.first %}true{% else %}false{% endif %}"      aria-controls="Panel-{{ tab.id }}"      tabindex="{% if forloop.first %}0{% else %}-1{% endif %}"    >{{ tab.title }}</button>  {% endfor %}</div>{% for tab in tabs %}  <div    role="tabpanel"    id="Panel-{{ tab.id }}"    aria-labelledby="Tab-{{ tab.id }}"    {% unless forloop.first %}hidden{% endunless %}    tabindex="0"  >{{ tab.content }}</div>{% endfor %}
  • Arrow keys navigate between tabs (left/right)
  • Only active tab has tabindex="0", others -1

Dropdown Navigation

html
<nav aria-label="{{ 'accessibility.main_navigation' | t }}">  <ul role="list">    {% for link in linklists.main-menu.links %}      <li>        {% if link.links.size > 0 %}          <button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="Submenu-{{ forloop.index }}">            {{ link.title }}          </button>          <ul id="Submenu-{{ forloop.index }}" hidden role="list">            {% for child in link.links %}              <li><a href="{{ child.url }}">{{ child.title }}</a></li>            {% endfor %}          </ul>        {% else %}          <a href="{{ link.url }}">{{ link.title }}</a>        {% endif %}      </li>    {% endfor %}  </ul></nav>

Tooltip

html
<button aria-describedby="Tooltip-{{ block.id }}">  {{ 'labels.info' | t }}</button><div id="Tooltip-{{ block.id }}" role="tooltip" popover>  {{ block.settings.tooltip_text }}</div>

Mobile Accessibility

  • Touch targets: minimum 44x44px, 8px spacing between targets
  • No orientation lock: never restrict to portrait/landscape
  • No hover-only content: everything accessible via tap
  • Use dvh instead of vh for mobile viewport units

Animation & Motion

css
/* Always provide reduced motion */@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {  *, *::before, *::after {    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;    scroll-behavior: auto !important;  }}
  • No flashing above 3 times per second
  • Auto-playing animations need pause/stop controls
  • Meaningful animations only — don't animate for decoration

Visually Hidden Utility

css
.visually-hidden {  position: absolute;  width: 1px;  height: 1px;  padding: 0;  margin: -1px;  overflow: hidden;  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);  white-space: nowrap;  border: 0;}

Use for screen-reader-only content like labels and descriptions.

Color Contrast

ElementMinimum Ratio
Normal text (<18px / <14px bold)4.5:1
Large text (≥18px / ≥14px bold)3:1
UI components & graphics3:1
Focus indicators3:1

Never rely solely on color to convey information — always pair with text, icons, or patterns.

References

  • Component accessibility patterns [blocked]
  • Focus and keyboard patterns [blocked]

来源与署名

来源:benjaminsehl/liquid-skills位于skills/liquid-theme-a11y提交483f969

许可证: 无许可证

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