Tailwind Design System

calesthio/OpenMontage/.agents/skills/tailwind-design-system

作者 calesthio9327439db69021ab4b0e2776729bf3b58fdb5a87无许可证65K 个星标收录于 2026年10月9日更新于 2026年10月9日仓库5天前更新

Build scalable design systems with Tailwind CSS v4, design tokens, component libraries, and responsive patterns. Use when creating component libraries, implementing design systems, or standardizing UI patterns.

AI 生成的概览

指导使用 Tailwind CSS v4 构建设计系统,涵盖 CSS 优先令牌、组件变体与深色模式。

功能
该技能提供使用 Tailwind CSS v4 构建设计系统的说明与代码模式,包括通过 @theme 块进行 CSS 优先配置、使用 OKLCH 的语义化设计令牌,以及通过 @custom-variant 实现深色模式。它展示了基于 CVA 的按钮、复合卡片组件、表单输入、响应式网格和原生 CSS 动画等组件模式。它还包含 v3 到 v4 的迁移清单,以及关于令牌、无障碍和主题化的最佳实践。
适用场景
适用于使用 Tailwind CSS v4 创建组件库或设计系统、定义设计令牌与主题,或在代码库中统一 UI 模式。也适合将项目从 Tailwind v3 迁移到 v4,或使用原生 CSS 特性设置深色模式。
运行要求
不包含脚本,仅为说明与代码示例。按示例操作需要项目使用 Tailwind CSS v4、React 19,并可选使用 class-variance-authority、clsx、tailwind-merge、Radix UI、react-hook-form 和 Zod 等包。

Tailwind Design System (v4)

Build production-ready design systems with Tailwind CSS v4, including CSS-first configuration, design tokens, component variants, responsive patterns, and accessibility.

Note: This skill targets Tailwind CSS v4 (2024+). For v3 projects, refer to the upgrade guide.

When to Use This Skill

  • Creating a component library with Tailwind v4
  • Implementing design tokens and theming with CSS-first configuration
  • Building responsive and accessible components
  • Standardizing UI patterns across a codebase
  • Migrating from Tailwind v3 to v4
  • Setting up dark mode with native CSS features

Key v4 Changes

v3 Patternv4 Pattern
tailwind.config.ts@theme in CSS
@tailwind base/components/utilities@import "tailwindcss"
darkMode: "class"@custom-variant dark (&:where(.dark, .dark *))
theme.extend.colors@theme { --color-*: value }
require("tailwindcss-animate")CSS @keyframes in @theme + @starting-style for entry animations

Quick Start

css
/* app.css - Tailwind v4 CSS-first configuration */@import "tailwindcss";
/* Define your theme with @theme */@theme {  /* Semantic color tokens using OKLCH for better color perception */  --color-background: oklch(100% 0 0);  --color-foreground: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);
  --color-primary: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);  --color-primary-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-secondary: oklch(96% 0.01 264);  --color-secondary-foreground: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);
  --color-muted: oklch(96% 0.01 264);  --color-muted-foreground: oklch(46% 0.02 264);
  --color-accent: oklch(96% 0.01 264);  --color-accent-foreground: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);
  --color-destructive: oklch(53% 0.22 27);  --color-destructive-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-border: oklch(91% 0.01 264);  --color-ring: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);
  --color-card: oklch(100% 0 0);  --color-card-foreground: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);
  /* Ring offset for focus states */  --color-ring-offset: oklch(100% 0 0);
  /* Radius tokens */  --radius-sm: 0.25rem;  --radius-md: 0.375rem;  --radius-lg: 0.5rem;  --radius-xl: 0.75rem;
  /* Animation tokens - keyframes inside @theme are output when referenced by --animate-* variables */  --animate-fade-in: fade-in 0.2s ease-out;  --animate-fade-out: fade-out 0.2s ease-in;  --animate-slide-in: slide-in 0.3s ease-out;  --animate-slide-out: slide-out 0.3s ease-in;
  @keyframes fade-in {    from {      opacity: 0;    }    to {      opacity: 1;    }  }
  @keyframes fade-out {    from {      opacity: 1;    }    to {      opacity: 0;    }  }
  @keyframes slide-in {    from {      transform: translateY(-0.5rem);      opacity: 0;    }    to {      transform: translateY(0);      opacity: 1;    }  }
  @keyframes slide-out {    from {      transform: translateY(0);      opacity: 1;    }    to {      transform: translateY(-0.5rem);      opacity: 0;    }  }}
/* Dark mode variant - use @custom-variant for class-based dark mode */@custom-variant dark (&:where(.dark, .dark *));
/* Dark mode theme overrides */.dark {  --color-background: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);  --color-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-primary: oklch(98% 0.01 264);  --color-primary-foreground: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);
  --color-secondary: oklch(22% 0.02 264);  --color-secondary-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-muted: oklch(22% 0.02 264);  --color-muted-foreground: oklch(65% 0.02 264);
  --color-accent: oklch(22% 0.02 264);  --color-accent-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-destructive: oklch(42% 0.15 27);  --color-destructive-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-border: oklch(22% 0.02 264);  --color-ring: oklch(83% 0.02 264);
  --color-card: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);  --color-card-foreground: oklch(98% 0.01 264);
  --color-ring-offset: oklch(14.5% 0.025 264);}
/* Base styles */@layer base {  * {    @apply border-border;  }
  body {    @apply bg-background text-foreground antialiased;  }}

Core Concepts

1. Design Token Hierarchy

Brand Tokens (abstract)    └── Semantic Tokens (purpose)        └── Component Tokens (specific)
Example:    oklch(45% 0.2 260) → --color-primary → bg-primary

2. Component Architecture

Base styles → Variants → Sizes → States → Overrides

Patterns

Pattern 1: CVA (Class Variance Authority) Components

typescript
// components/ui/button.tsximport { Slot } from '@radix-ui/react-slot'import { cva, type VariantProps } from 'class-variance-authority'import { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
const buttonVariants = cva(  // Base styles - v4 uses native CSS variables  'inline-flex items-center justify-center whitespace-nowrap rounded-md text-sm font-medium transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50',  {    variants: {      variant: {        default: 'bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90',        destructive: 'bg-destructive text-destructive-foreground hover:bg-destructive/90',        outline: 'border border-border bg-background hover:bg-accent hover:text-accent-foreground',        secondary: 'bg-secondary text-secondary-foreground hover:bg-secondary/80',        ghost: 'hover:bg-accent hover:text-accent-foreground',        link: 'text-primary underline-offset-4 hover:underline',      },      size: {        default: 'h-10 px-4 py-2',        sm: 'h-9 rounded-md px-3',        lg: 'h-11 rounded-md px-8',        icon: 'size-10',      },    },    defaultVariants: {      variant: 'default',      size: 'default',    },  })
export interface ButtonProps  extends React.ButtonHTMLAttributes<HTMLButtonElement>,    VariantProps<typeof buttonVariants> {  asChild?: boolean}
// React 19: No forwardRef neededexport function Button({  className,  variant,  size,  asChild = false,  ref,  ...props}: ButtonProps & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLButtonElement> }) {  const Comp = asChild ? Slot : 'button'  return (    <Comp      className={cn(buttonVariants({ variant, size, className }))}      ref={ref}      {...props}    />  )}
// Usage<Button variant="destructive" size="lg">Delete</Button><Button variant="outline">Cancel</Button><Button asChild><Link href="/home">Home</Link></Button>

Pattern 2: Compound Components (React 19)

typescript
// components/ui/card.tsximport { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
// React 19: ref is a regular prop, no forwardRefexport function Card({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLDivElement> }) {  return (    <div      ref={ref}      className={cn(        'rounded-lg border border-border bg-card text-card-foreground shadow-sm',        className      )}      {...props}    />  )}
export function CardHeader({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLDivElement> }) {  return (    <div      ref={ref}      className={cn('flex flex-col space-y-1.5 p-6', className)}      {...props}    />  )}
export function CardTitle({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLHeadingElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLHeadingElement> }) {  return (    <h3      ref={ref}      className={cn('text-2xl font-semibold leading-none tracking-tight', className)}      {...props}    />  )}
export function CardDescription({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLParagraphElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLParagraphElement> }) {  return (    <p      ref={ref}      className={cn('text-sm text-muted-foreground', className)}      {...props}    />  )}
export function CardContent({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLDivElement> }) {  return (    <div ref={ref} className={cn('p-6 pt-0', className)} {...props} />  )}
export function CardFooter({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLDivElement> }) {  return (    <div      ref={ref}      className={cn('flex items-center p-6 pt-0', className)}      {...props}    />  )}
// Usage<Card>  <CardHeader>    <CardTitle>Account</CardTitle>    <CardDescription>Manage your account settings</CardDescription>  </CardHeader>  <CardContent>    <form>...</form>  </CardContent>  <CardFooter>    <Button>Save</Button>  </CardFooter></Card>

Pattern 3: Form Components

typescript
// components/ui/input.tsximport { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
export interface InputProps extends React.InputHTMLAttributes<HTMLInputElement> {  error?: string  ref?: React.Ref<HTMLInputElement>}
export function Input({ className, type, error, ref, ...props }: InputProps) {  return (    <div className="relative">      <input        type={type}        className={cn(          'flex h-10 w-full rounded-md border border-border bg-background px-3 py-2 text-sm ring-offset-background file:border-0 file:bg-transparent file:text-sm file:font-medium placeholder:text-muted-foreground focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50',          error && 'border-destructive focus-visible:ring-destructive',          className        )}        ref={ref}        aria-invalid={!!error}        aria-describedby={error ? `${props.id}-error` : undefined}        {...props}      />      {error && (        <p          id={`${props.id}-error`}          className="mt-1 text-sm text-destructive"          role="alert"        >          {error}        </p>      )}    </div>  )}
// components/ui/label.tsximport { cva, type VariantProps } from 'class-variance-authority'
const labelVariants = cva(  'text-sm font-medium leading-none peer-disabled:cursor-not-allowed peer-disabled:opacity-70')
export function Label({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.LabelHTMLAttributes<HTMLLabelElement> & { ref?: React.Ref<HTMLLabelElement> }) {  return (    <label ref={ref} className={cn(labelVariants(), className)} {...props} />  )}
// Usage with React Hook Form + Zodimport { useForm } from 'react-hook-form'import { zodResolver } from '@hookform/resolvers/zod'import { z } from 'zod'
const schema = z.object({  email: z.string().email('Invalid email address'),  password: z.string().min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters'),})
function LoginForm() {  const { register, handleSubmit, formState: { errors } } = useForm({    resolver: zodResolver(schema),  })
  return (    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)} className="space-y-4">      <div className="space-y-2">        <Label htmlFor="email">Email</Label>        <Input          id="email"          type="email"          {...register('email')}          error={errors.email?.message}        />      </div>      <div className="space-y-2">        <Label htmlFor="password">Password</Label>        <Input          id="password"          type="password"          {...register('password')}          error={errors.password?.message}        />      </div>      <Button type="submit" className="w-full">Sign In</Button>    </form>  )}

Pattern 4: Responsive Grid System

typescript
// components/ui/grid.tsximport { cn } from '@/lib/utils'import { cva, type VariantProps } from 'class-variance-authority'
const gridVariants = cva('grid', {  variants: {    cols: {      1: 'grid-cols-1',      2: 'grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2',      3: 'grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3',      4: 'grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4',      5: 'grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-3 lg:grid-cols-5',      6: 'grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-3 lg:grid-cols-6',    },    gap: {      none: 'gap-0',      sm: 'gap-2',      md: 'gap-4',      lg: 'gap-6',      xl: 'gap-8',    },  },  defaultVariants: {    cols: 3,    gap: 'md',  },})
interface GridProps  extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement>,    VariantProps<typeof gridVariants> {}
export function Grid({ className, cols, gap, ...props }: GridProps) {  return (    <div className={cn(gridVariants({ cols, gap, className }))} {...props} />  )}
// Container componentconst containerVariants = cva('mx-auto w-full px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8', {  variants: {    size: {      sm: 'max-w-screen-sm',      md: 'max-w-screen-md',      lg: 'max-w-screen-lg',      xl: 'max-w-screen-xl',      '2xl': 'max-w-screen-2xl',      full: 'max-w-full',    },  },  defaultVariants: {    size: 'xl',  },})
interface ContainerProps  extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLDivElement>,    VariantProps<typeof containerVariants> {}
export function Container({ className, size, ...props }: ContainerProps) {  return (    <div className={cn(containerVariants({ size, className }))} {...props} />  )}
// Usage<Container>  <Grid cols={4} gap="lg">    {products.map((product) => (      <ProductCard key={product.id} product={product} />    ))}  </Grid></Container>

Pattern 5: Native CSS Animations (v4)

css
/* In your CSS file - native @starting-style for entry animations */@theme {  --animate-dialog-in: dialog-fade-in 0.2s ease-out;  --animate-dialog-out: dialog-fade-out 0.15s ease-in;}
@keyframes dialog-fade-in {  from {    opacity: 0;    transform: scale(0.95) translateY(-0.5rem);  }  to {    opacity: 1;    transform: scale(1) translateY(0);  }}
@keyframes dialog-fade-out {  from {    opacity: 1;    transform: scale(1) translateY(0);  }  to {    opacity: 0;    transform: scale(0.95) translateY(-0.5rem);  }}
/* Native popover animations using @starting-style */[popover] {  transition:    opacity 0.2s,    transform 0.2s,    display 0.2s allow-discrete;  opacity: 0;  transform: scale(0.95);}
[popover]:popover-open {  opacity: 1;  transform: scale(1);}
@starting-style {  [popover]:popover-open {    opacity: 0;    transform: scale(0.95);  }}
typescript
// components/ui/dialog.tsx - Using native popover APIimport * as DialogPrimitive from '@radix-ui/react-dialog'import { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
const DialogPortal = DialogPrimitive.Portal
export function DialogOverlay({  className,  ref,  ...props}: React.ComponentPropsWithoutRef<typeof DialogPrimitive.Overlay> & {  ref?: React.Ref<HTMLDivElement>}) {  return (    <DialogPrimitive.Overlay      ref={ref}      className={cn(        'fixed inset-0 z-50 bg-black/80',        'data-[state=open]:animate-fade-in data-[state=closed]:animate-fade-out',        className      )}      {...props}    />  )}
export function DialogContent({  className,  children,  ref,  ...props}: React.ComponentPropsWithoutRef<typeof DialogPrimitive.Content> & {  ref?: React.Ref<HTMLDivElement>}) {  return (    <DialogPortal>      <DialogOverlay />      <DialogPrimitive.Content        ref={ref}        className={cn(          'fixed left-1/2 top-1/2 z-50 grid w-full max-w-lg -translate-x-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 gap-4 border border-border bg-background p-6 shadow-lg sm:rounded-lg',          'data-[state=open]:animate-dialog-in data-[state=closed]:animate-dialog-out',          className        )}        {...props}      >        {children}      </DialogPrimitive.Content>    </DialogPortal>  )}

Pattern 6: Dark Mode with CSS (v4)

typescript
// providers/ThemeProvider.tsx - Simplified for v4'use client'
import { createContext, useContext, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
type Theme = 'dark' | 'light' | 'system'
interface ThemeContextType {  theme: Theme  setTheme: (theme: Theme) => void  resolvedTheme: 'dark' | 'light'}
const ThemeContext = createContext<ThemeContextType | undefined>(undefined)
export function ThemeProvider({  children,  defaultTheme = 'system',  storageKey = 'theme',}: {  children: React.ReactNode  defaultTheme?: Theme  storageKey?: string}) {  const [theme, setTheme] = useState<Theme>(defaultTheme)  const [resolvedTheme, setResolvedTheme] = useState<'dark' | 'light'>('light')
  useEffect(() => {    const stored = localStorage.getItem(storageKey) as Theme | null    if (stored) setTheme(stored)  }, [storageKey])
  useEffect(() => {    const root = document.documentElement    root.classList.remove('light', 'dark')
    const resolved = theme === 'system'      ? (window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches ? 'dark' : 'light')      : theme
    root.classList.add(resolved)    setResolvedTheme(resolved)
    // Update meta theme-color for mobile browsers    const metaThemeColor = document.querySelector('meta[name="theme-color"]')    if (metaThemeColor) {      metaThemeColor.setAttribute('content', resolved === 'dark' ? '#09090b' : '#ffffff')    }  }, [theme])
  return (    <ThemeContext.Provider value={{      theme,      setTheme: (newTheme) => {        localStorage.setItem(storageKey, newTheme)        setTheme(newTheme)      },      resolvedTheme,    }}>      {children}    </ThemeContext.Provider>  )}
export const useTheme = () => {  const context = useContext(ThemeContext)  if (!context) throw new Error('useTheme must be used within ThemeProvider')  return context}
// components/ThemeToggle.tsximport { Moon, Sun } from 'lucide-react'import { useTheme } from '@/providers/ThemeProvider'
export function ThemeToggle() {  const { resolvedTheme, setTheme } = useTheme()
  return (    <Button      variant="ghost"      size="icon"      onClick={() => setTheme(resolvedTheme === 'dark' ? 'light' : 'dark')}    >      <Sun className="size-5 rotate-0 scale-100 transition-all dark:-rotate-90 dark:scale-0" />      <Moon className="absolute size-5 rotate-90 scale-0 transition-all dark:rotate-0 dark:scale-100" />      <span className="sr-only">Toggle theme</span>    </Button>  )}

Utility Functions

typescript
// lib/utils.tsimport { type ClassValue, clsx } from "clsx";import { twMerge } from "tailwind-merge";
export function cn(...inputs: ClassValue[]) {  return twMerge(clsx(inputs));}
// Focus ring utilityexport const focusRing = cn(  "focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2",  "focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2",);
// Disabled utilityexport const disabled = "disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50";

Advanced v4 Patterns

Custom Utilities with @utility

Define reusable custom utilities:

css
/* Custom utility for decorative lines */@utility line-t {  @apply relative before:absolute before:top-0 before:-left-[100vw] before:h-px before:w-[200vw] before:bg-gray-950/5 dark:before:bg-white/10;}
/* Custom utility for text gradients */@utility text-gradient {  @apply bg-gradient-to-r from-primary to-accent bg-clip-text text-transparent;}

Theme Modifiers

css
/* Use @theme inline when referencing other CSS variables */@theme inline {  --font-sans: var(--font-inter), system-ui;}
/* Use @theme static to always generate CSS variables (even when unused) */@theme static {  --color-brand: oklch(65% 0.15 240);}
/* Import with theme options */@import "tailwindcss" theme(static);

Namespace Overrides

css
@theme {  /* Clear all default colors and define your own */  --color-*: initial;  --color-white: #fff;  --color-black: #000;  --color-primary: oklch(45% 0.2 260);  --color-secondary: oklch(65% 0.15 200);
  /* Clear ALL defaults for a minimal setup */  /* --*: initial; */}

Semi-transparent Color Variants

css
@theme {  /* Use color-mix() for alpha variants */  --color-primary-50: color-mix(in oklab, var(--color-primary) 5%, transparent);  --color-primary-100: color-mix(    in oklab,    var(--color-primary) 10%,    transparent  );  --color-primary-200: color-mix(    in oklab,    var(--color-primary) 20%,    transparent  );}

Container Queries

css
@theme {  --container-xs: 20rem;  --container-sm: 24rem;  --container-md: 28rem;  --container-lg: 32rem;}

v3 to v4 Migration Checklist

  • Replace tailwind.config.ts with CSS @theme block
  • Change @tailwind base/components/utilities to @import "tailwindcss"
  • Move color definitions to @theme { --color-*: value }
  • Replace darkMode: "class" with @custom-variant dark
  • Move @keyframes inside @theme blocks (ensures keyframes output with theme)
  • Replace require("tailwindcss-animate") with native CSS animations
  • Update h-10 w-10 to size-10 (new utility)
  • Remove forwardRef (React 19 passes ref as prop)
  • Consider OKLCH colors for better color perception
  • Replace custom plugins with @utility directives

Best Practices

Do's

  • Use @theme blocks - CSS-first configuration is v4's core pattern
  • Use OKLCH colors - Better perceptual uniformity than HSL
  • Compose with CVA - Type-safe variants
  • Use semantic tokens - bg-primary not bg-blue-500
  • Use size-* - New shorthand for w-* h-*
  • Add accessibility - ARIA attributes, focus states

Don'ts

  • Don't use tailwind.config.ts - Use CSS @theme instead
  • Don't use @tailwind directives - Use @import "tailwindcss"
  • Don't use forwardRef - React 19 passes ref as prop
  • Don't use arbitrary values - Extend @theme instead
  • Don't hardcode colors - Use semantic tokens
  • Don't forget dark mode - Test both themes

来源与署名

来源:calesthio/OpenMontage位于.agents/skills/tailwind-design-system提交9327439

许可证: 无许可证

内容归原作者所有。SourceWeft 从公开仓库中收录这些内容。

举报或申请下架