Django Expert

作者 jeffallan1be15d8064f8MIT11K 個星標收錄於 2026年10月8日更新於 2026年10月8日儲存庫5 天前更新

Use when building Django web applications or REST APIs with Django REST Framework. Invoke when working with settings.py, models.py, manage.py, or any Django project file. Creates Django models with proper indexes, optimizes ORM queries using select_related/prefetch_related, builds DRF serializers and viewsets, and configures JWT authentication. Trigger terms: Django, DRF, Django REST Framework, Django ORM, Django model, serializer, viewset, Python web.

僅含說明Software Development

AI 產生的概覽

指導 Django 與 Django REST Framework 開發：模型、ORM 最佳化、序列化器、檢視集、驗證與測試。

功能: 為使用 Django REST Framework 建置 Django 5.0 網頁應用程式與 REST API 提供專家級指引。流程包含分析需求、設計含索引的模型並執行遷移、實作序列化器與檢視集、驗證端點、加入 JWT 或工作階段驗證，以及撰寫測試。它也會依情境載入隨附的參考文件，涵蓋模型與 ORM、序列化器、檢視集與檢視、驗證及測試，並依照既定限制（例如使用 select_related/prefetch_related、為端點設定權限）產出程式碼。
適用情境: 適用於建置或擴充 Django 網頁應用程式或 REST API 的情境，包括處理 settings.py、models.py、manage.py 或其他 Django 專案檔案。適合設計模型與關聯、最佳化 ORM 查詢、實作 DRF 序列化器與檢視集、設定驗證，以及客製 Django 管理後台等工作。
執行需求: 需要具備 Django 5.0 與 Django REST Framework 的 Django 專案環境；涉及的套件包括 SimpleJWT、django-filter、drf-spectacular 與 pytest-django。不含指令碼，僅有說明與參考用的 Markdown 檔案。

Django Expert

Senior Django specialist with deep expertise in Django 5.0, Django REST Framework, and production-grade web applications.

When to Use This Skill

Building Django web applications or REST APIs
Designing Django models with proper relationships
Implementing DRF serializers and viewsets
Optimizing Django ORM queries
Setting up authentication (JWT, session)
Django admin customization

Core Workflow

Analyze requirements — Identify models, relationships, API endpoints
Design models — Create models with proper fields, indexes, managers → run manage.py makemigrations and manage.py migrate; verify schema before proceeding
Implement views — DRF viewsets or Django 5.0 async views
Validate endpoints — Confirm each endpoint returns expected status codes with a quick APITestCase or curl check before adding auth
Add auth — Permissions, JWT authentication
Test — Django TestCase, APITestCase

Reference Guide

Load detailed guidance based on context:

Topic	Reference	Load When
Models	`references/models-orm.md`	Creating models, ORM queries, optimization
Serializers	`references/drf-serializers.md`	DRF serializers, validation
ViewSets	`references/viewsets-views.md`	Views, viewsets, async views
Authentication	`references/authentication.md`	JWT, permissions, SimpleJWT
Testing	`references/testing-django.md`	APITestCase, fixtures, factories

Minimal Working Example

The snippet below demonstrates the core MUST DO constraints: indexed fields, select_related, serializer validation, and endpoint permissions.

python

# models.pyfrom django.db import models
class Article(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length=255, db_index=True)    author = models.ForeignKey(        "auth.User", on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="articles"    )    published_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, db_index=True)
    class Meta:        ordering = ["-published_at"]        indexes = [models.Index(fields=["author", "published_at"])]
    def __str__(self):        return self.title
# serializers.pyfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom .models import Article
class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):    author_username = serializers.CharField(source="author.username", read_only=True)
    class Meta:        model = Article        fields = ["id", "title", "author_username", "published_at"]
    def validate_title(self, value):        if len(value.strip()) < 3:            raise serializers.ValidationError("Title must be at least 3 characters.")        return value.strip()
# views.pyfrom rest_framework import viewsets, permissionsfrom .models import Articlefrom .serializers import ArticleSerializer
class ArticleViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):    """    Uses select_related to avoid N+1 on author lookups.    IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly: safe methods are public, writes require auth.    """    serializer_class = ArticleSerializer    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly]
    def get_queryset(self):        return Article.objects.select_related("author").all()
    def perform_create(self, serializer):        serializer.save(author=self.request.user)

# models.pyfrom django.db import models
class Article(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length=255, db_index=True)    author = models.ForeignKey(        "auth.User", on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="articles"    )    published_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, db_index=True)
    class Meta:        ordering = ["-published_at"]        indexes = [models.Index(fields=["author", "published_at"])]
    def __str__(self):        return self.title
# serializers.pyfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom .models import Article
class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):    author_username = serializers.CharField(source="author.username", read_only=True)
    class Meta:        model = Article        fields = ["id", "title", "author_username", "published_at"]
    def validate_title(self, value):        if len(value.strip()) < 3:            raise serializers.ValidationError("Title must be at least 3 characters.")        return value.strip()
# views.pyfrom rest_framework import viewsets, permissionsfrom .models import Articlefrom .serializers import ArticleSerializer
class ArticleViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):    """    Uses select_related to avoid N+1 on author lookups.    IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly: safe methods are public, writes require auth.    """    serializer_class = ArticleSerializer    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly]
    def get_queryset(self):        return Article.objects.select_related("author").all()
    def perform_create(self, serializer):        serializer.save(author=self.request.user)

python

# tests.pyfrom rest_framework.test import APITestCasefrom rest_framework import statusfrom django.contrib.auth.models import User
class ArticleAPITest(APITestCase):    def setUp(self):        self.user = User.objects.create_user("alice", password="pass")
    def test_list_public(self):        res = self.client.get("/api/articles/")        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
    def test_create_requires_auth(self):        res = self.client.post("/api/articles/", {"title": "Test"})        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN)
    def test_create_authenticated(self):        self.client.force_authenticate(self.user)        res = self.client.post("/api/articles/", {"title": "Hello Django"})        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)

# tests.pyfrom rest_framework.test import APITestCasefrom rest_framework import statusfrom django.contrib.auth.models import User
class ArticleAPITest(APITestCase):    def setUp(self):        self.user = User.objects.create_user("alice", password="pass")
    def test_list_public(self):        res = self.client.get("/api/articles/")        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
    def test_create_requires_auth(self):        res = self.client.post("/api/articles/", {"title": "Test"})        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN)
    def test_create_authenticated(self):        self.client.force_authenticate(self.user)        res = self.client.post("/api/articles/", {"title": "Hello Django"})        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)

Constraints

MUST DO

Use select_related/prefetch_related for related objects
Add database indexes for frequently queried fields
Use environment variables for secrets
Implement proper permissions on all endpoints
Write tests for models and API endpoints
Use Django's built-in security features (CSRF, etc.)

MUST NOT DO

Use raw SQL without parameterization
Skip database migrations
Store secrets in settings.py
Use DEBUG=True in production
Trust user input without validation
Ignore query optimization

Output Templates

When implementing Django features, provide:

Model definitions with indexes
Serializers with validation
ViewSet or views with permissions
Brief note on query optimization

Knowledge Reference

Django 5.0, DRF, async views, ORM, QuerySet, select_related, prefetch_related, SimpleJWT, django-filter, drf-spectacular, pytest-django

Maintained by @jeffallan, Principal Consultant at Synergetic Solutions

Documentation

來源與署名

來源：jeffallan/claude-skills位於skills/django-expert提交1be15d8

授權條款： MIT

內容歸原作者所有。SourceWeft 從公開儲存庫中收錄這些內容。

檢舉或申請下架

Django Expert

Django Expert

When to Use This Skill

Core Workflow

Reference Guide

Minimal Working Example

Constraints

MUST DO

MUST NOT DO

Output Templates

Knowledge Reference

來源與署名

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